K'haravene ena ea filimi e ngotsoeng Bopaki ba Kotsi e na le mokuli ea nang le MS ea buisanang ka sehokela sa eona le li-amalgam mercury fillings.

Multiple Sclerosis & Phatlalatso ea Mercury; Kakaretso le Litšupiso

mercury ea meno le multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis ("MS") e ile ea tsebahala ka lekhetlo la pele lekholong la leshome la metso e robong la lilemo nakong eo li-amalgam fillings li ileng tsa sebelisoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Bopaki bo sa phatlalatsoang ba anecdotal bo bontšitse hore palo e kholo ea, empa ehlile ha se bohle, bahlaseluoa ba MS ba nang le litheko tsa mercury / silifera ba tlositseng tharollo (ts'oarelo e itlelang feela) kapa ba ntlafala hanyane ka hanyane. Bopaki bona ba nalane bo tšehelitsoe ke lithuto tse phatlalalitsoeng lilemong tse 50 tse fetileng.

Mohlala, mosebetsing o phatlalalitsoeng ka 1966, Baasch o fihletse qeto ea hore multiple sclerosis e ne e le mofuta oa batho ba baholo oa ho hlaseloa ke mafu (pinki) le karabelo ea neuro-alejiki e bakiloeng ke mercury ho tsoa ho amalgam.1  Baasch o tlalehile linyeoe tse 'maloa tse ikhethileng mme a qotsa lithuto tse tsoelang pele tse bonts'itseng ho emisoa ha tsoelo-pele le ntlafatso ea tharollo ea MS kamora ho tlosa li-amalgam.

Phuputsong e qaqileng e phatlalalitsoeng ka 1978, Craelius o bontšitse kamano e matla (P <0.001) lipakeng tsa litefiso tsa lefu la MS le ho senyeha ha meno.2  Lintlha li bonts'itse ho se khonehe hore khokahano ena e bakiloe ke monyetla. Lintho tse ngata tsa lijo li ile tsa nkuoa e le lisosa tse tlatsetsang.

Khopolo-taba e hlahisitsoeng ke TH Ingalls, MD, ka 1983 e ile ea etsa tlhahiso ea hore sekhahla sa mercury se tsoang butle kapa se tsoang maling se ka lebisa ho MS lilemong tse bohareng.3  O ile a boela a hlahloba lintlha tse pharaletseng tsa lefu la seoa tse bonts'itseng khokahano e lekanang lipakeng tsa sekhahla sa lefu ho tsoa ho MS le linomoro tsa meno a bolileng, a lahlehileng le a tlatsitsoeng. Phuputsong e phatlalalitsoeng ka 1986, Ingalls o khothalelitse hore bafuputsi ba ithutang lisosa tsa MS ba lokela ho hlahloba ka hloko nalane ea bakuli ea meno.4

Liphuputso tse ling li ile tsa tsoela pele ho theha khokahano e ka bang teng lipakeng tsa MS le mercury. Mohlala, patlisiso e entsoeng ke Ahlrot-Westerlund ho tloha ka 1987 e fumane hore bakuli ba MS ba na le boemo bo tloaelehileng ba mercury makhetlo a robeli mokokotlong oa mokokotlo oa mokokotlo ha o bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle ea methapo ea kutlo.5

Ntle le moo, bafuputsi Siblerud le Kienholz ba Rocky Mountain Research Institute, Inc., ba batlisitse khopolo-taba ea hore mercury e tsoang menoaneng ea meno e amana le MS mosebetsing o phatlalalitsoeng ka 1994.6  E bapisitse liphuputso tsa mali lipakeng tsa lithuto tsa MS tse tlositsoeng li-amalgame le lithuto tsa MS ka li-amalgams:

Lihlooho tsa MS tse nang le li-amalgams li fumanoe li na le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, hemoglobin le hematocrit ha li bapisoa le lithuto tsa MS ka ho tlosoa ha amalgam. Methati ea Thyroxine le eona e ne e le tlase haholo sehlopheng sa li-amalgam, 'me li ne li na le litekanyetso tse tlase haholo tsa lisele tsa T Lymphocyte le T-8 (CD8). Sehlopha sa MS amalgam se ne se na le naetrojene ea mali e phahameng haholo le IgG e tlase. Moriri oa mercury o ne o phahame haholo lithutong tsa MS ha o bapisoa le sehlopha se seng sa taolo sa MS. Potso ea lipotso tsa bophelo bo botle e fumane hore lithuto tsa MS tse nang le li-amalgame li na le likhahla tse ngata haholo (33.7%) likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng ha li bapisoa le baithaopi ba MS ba tlositsoeng ka amalgam. 7

Karolo ea myelin, ntho e thusang boko ho romella melaetsa 'meleng, ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea lipatlisiso tsa MS, mme MELISA Foundation e hlahisitse seo ba lumelang hore ke katleho ea ho utloisisa MS ka ho amohela kamano lipakeng tsa ts'oaetso ea tšepe le khoholeho ea mobu. ea myelin.  Phuputsong e phatlalalitsoeng ka 1999, Stejskal le Stejskal ba hlokometse hore khatello ea maikutlo e bakoa ke likaroloana tsa tšepe tse kenang 'meleng oa motho tse haelloang ke tšepe eo ho buuoang ka eona.8  Joale likaroloana tsena li tlama ho myelin, li fetola sebopeho sa eona sa protheine hanyane. Ho batho ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo, moaho o mocha (myelin plus tšepe phatsa) o tsejoa ka bohata e le mohlaseli oa kantle ho naha mme oa hlaseloa (karabelo e ikemetseng). Molato o bonahala e le "myelin plaque" bokong, e leng ntho e tloaelehileng ho bakuli ba nang le MS. Matlapa a joalo a ka bakoa ke ho kula ha tšepe. MELISA Foundation haufinyane e ile ea qala ho ngola hore bakuli ba nang le mathata a ho itšireletsa mafung ba etsa karoloana 'me, maemong a mang, ba fola ka botlalo ka ho tlosa mohloli oa tšepe-hangata ho tlatsoa meno.9

Phuputso ea sehlopha se khutlang e entsoeng ke Bates et al. e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2004 e ne e kenyelletsa ho hlahloba litlaleho tsa kalafo tsa batho ba 20,000 Sesoleng sa Ts'ireletso sa New Zealand (NZDF).10  Bafuputsi ba ne ba ikemiselitse ho lekola likhokahanyo tse ka bang teng lipakeng tsa mahlahana a meno le litlamorao tsa bophelo bo botle, mme liphetho tsa bona li ba lebisitse ho fana ka maikutlo a mokhatlo o "batlang o le matla" lipakeng tsa MS le phepelo ea motsoako oa meno. Ntle le moo, lithuto tse tharo tsa taolo ea linyeoe tsa MS tse phatlalalitsoeng pejana tse fihletseng qeto ea hore ho ne ho se mekhatlo e bohlokoa le meno ea ho kopanya meno11 12 13 li ile tsa tsejoa ke Bates et al. joaloka ba nang le meeli e fapaneng. Haholo-holo, Bates le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba hlokometse hore ke e 'ngoe feela ea lithuto tseo tse tharo e sebelisitseng linyeoe tsa liketsahalo le litlaleho tsa meno, le hore thuto e tšoanang e hlile e hlahisitse likhakanyo tse phahameng tsa kotsi bakeng sa palo e kholo ea amalgam mercury e tlatsoang.14

Tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng ea lingoliloeng mabapi le amalgam ea meno le multiple sclerosis e entsoe ke bafuputsi ba Canada mme ea phatlalatsoa ka 2007.15  Ha Aminzadeh et al. ba tlaleha hore menyetla ea karo-karolelano ea MS har'a bajari ba jereng e ne e tsitsitse, ba re ke keketseho e nyane ebile e seng ea lipalo-palo. Leha ho le joalo, ba boletse mefokolo ea mosebetsi oa bona hape ba khothaletsa hore lithuto tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho nahanela lintlha tse ling joalo ka boholo ba amalgam, sebaka se holimo, le nako ea ho pepeseha ha ba ntse ba hlahloba kamano efe kapa efe lipakeng tsa amalgam ea meno le MS.

Bakuli ba mashome a supileng a metso e mene ba nang le MS le baithaopi ba mashome a supileng a metso e mene ba phetseng hantle e bile lihlooho tsa thuto ea Iran ke Attar et al. e hatisitsoeng ka 2011.16  Bafuputsi ba fumane hore boemo ba serum mercury ho bakuli ba MS bo phahame haholo ho feta litsamaiso. Ba khothalelitse hore maemo a phahameng a mercury serum e ka ba sesosa sa ts'oaetso ea multiple sclerosis.

Ka 2014, Roger Pamphlett oa Univesithi ea Sydney e Australia o ile a phatlalatsa likhopolo tsa bongaka tse amanang le chefo ea tikoloho, ho kenyeletsoa le mercury, le mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng.17  Kamora ho hlalosa ho pepesetsoa ke lintho tse chefo le phello ea 'mele, o ile a etsa tlhahiso: "Ho se sebetse ha noradrenaline ho ama lisele tse fapaneng tsa CNS mme ho ka baka mafu a mangata a methapo ea kutlo (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's le motor neuron disease), ho theola mmele (multiple sclerosis), le mafu a kelello (ho tepella ho hoholo ha maikutlo le lefu la ho ferekana kelellong). ”18

Patlisiso e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2016 e bonts'a hore Pamphlett o ne a bokelletse bopaki ho tšehetsa mohopolo oa hae. Eena le mosebetsi-'moho le eena ba ile ba ithuta mehlala ea mokokotlo ho batho ba 50 ba lilemo li 1-95.19  Ba fumane hore 33% ea ba lilemo li 61-95 ba na le tšepe e boima li-interneuron tsa bona tsa mokokotlo (athe ba banyenyane ha ba joalo) Phuputso e entse hore ba fihlele qeto ena: "Tšenyo ea li-interneuron tse thibelang litšepe tse chefo bophelong ba morao-rao li ka baka ts'oaetso ea excitotoxic ho li-motoneuron mme e ka baka kotsi ea motoneuron kapa tahlehelo maemong a kang ALS / MND, multiple sclerosis, sarcopenia le namane."20

Phuputso e 'ngoe e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2016, ho tsoa ho bafuputsi Univesithing ea North Carolina, Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu, le Univesithi ea Duke, ka ho tšoanang li ile tsa hlahloba kamano e ka bang teng lipakeng tsa tšepe e matla le multiple sclerosis.21  Batho ba 217 ba nang le li-control tsa MS le 496 ba kenyellelitsoe thutong ea linyeoe tse thehiloeng ho baahi, e neng e etselitsoe ho lekola kamano lipakeng tsa ho pepesehela lead, mercury, le solvents le li-polymorphisms tse 58 tsa single nucleotide liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le MS. Napier et al. e fumane hore batho ba nang le MS ba na le menyetla e fetang ea taolo ea ho tlaleha tlhahiso ea lead le mercury.

Ho bohlokoa hape ho hlokomela hore lipale tse 'maloa tsa linyeoe tse phatlalalitsoeng lilemong tse 25 tse fetileng, ntle le tse ling tsa lipatlisiso tse boletsoeng kaholimo, li bontšitse monyetla oa hore bakuli ba MS ba be le lintlafatso tse fapaneng tsa bophelo kamora ho tlatsoa ha li-amalgam. Patlisiso e entsoeng ke Redhe le Pleva e phatlalalitsoeng ka 1993 e totobalitse mehlala e 'meli e tsoang ho linyeoe tse fetang 100 tsa bakuli ba hlahlobang litlamorao tsa' mele ea ho kopanya meno.22  Ba khothalelitse hore ho tlosoa ha amalgam ho hlahisa litholoana tse ntle maemong a mang a MS. E le mohlala o mong, phuputso e entsoeng ke Huggins le Levy e phatlalalitsoeng ka 1998 e bonts'itse hore ho tlosa mahlahana a meno, ha a etsoa ka kalafo tse ling tsa bongaka, ho fetotse likarolo tsa photolabeling tsa liprotheine tsa mokelikeli oa cerebrospinal ho batho ba nang le MS.23

Mehlala e meng e boetse e fana ka bopaki ba melemo ea ho tlosoa ha amalgam ho bakuli ba MS. Patlisiso e tsoang ho MELISA Foundation e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2004 e lekotse litlamorao tsa bophelo ba amalgam ho bakuli ba mercury-alejiki ba nang le autoimmunity, mme sekhahla se phahameng sa ntlafatso se etsahetse ho bakuli ba nang le MS.24  Ntle le moo, nalane ea linyeoe e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2013 ho tsoa ho bafuputsi ba Mataliana e ngotse hore mokuli ea nang le MS ea tlatsitsoeng ka mercury o tlositsoe ebe o fuoa kalafo ea chelation (mofuta o itseng oa detoxification) o ntlafalitsoe.25  Bafuputsi bao e mong oa bona a sebelisaneng le Lekala la Bophelo naheng ea Italy, o ngotse hore bopaki bo hlahisitsoeng bo "tiisa khopolo ea TMP [chefo e nang le chefo ea tšepe] e le sesosa sa tikoloho kapa iatrogenic bakeng sa MS, haholoholo ha 'mele o sa lekane. motso. ” 26

Le ha ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ling ho fumana hore na kamano e teng lipakeng tsa mercury le MS, lingoliloeng tsa mahlale tse phatlalalitsoeng lilemong tse 50 tse fetileng li ntse li tsoela pele ho fana ka maikutlo a hore ho pepeseha ha mercury ho tsoa ho mahlahahlaha a meno, le ho tsoa ho eng kapa eng e sa foleng ea maemo a tlase ea mercury, ho fuoa tlhokomelo e tebileng bakeng sa karolo e ka bang teng ho etiology ea MS. Hape ho tlameha ho hopoloa hore likotsi tse ling tse chefo li ka bapala likarolo tse ts'oanang, tse thusang ho hlalosa hore na hobaneng bakuli ba bang ba MS ba se na mercury amalgam meno a tlatsang kapa tse ling tse tsebahalang tsa mercury. Mohlala, phuputso e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2016 ke bafuputsi ba Taiwan ba hokahantse MS ho etella pele pepeso mobung.27

Ho bohlokoa hape ho hopola ke hore ka kakaretso, lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao li bonts'a hore sesosa sa MS se sebetsa ka mokhoa o hlakileng. Kahoo, mercury e ka bonoa e le ntho e le 'ngoe feela e ka bang teng ho lefu lena, le litlatsetso tse ling tse chefo, ho fapana hoa liphatsa tsa lefutso, boteng ba ho hanana le tšepe, le maemo a mang a mangata a bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho MS.

LITLHAHISO

  1. Baasch E. Theoretische Überlegungen zur Ätiologie der Sclerosis e ngata. Schweiz. Arch. Neurol. Neurochir. Kelello. 1966; 98: 1-9.
  2. Craelius W. Ho bapisa mafu a seoa a multiple sclerosis le meno a meno. Leqephe la Epidemiology le Bophelo ba Sechaba. 1978 Loetse 1; 32 (3): 155-65.
  3. Ho kenya TH. Epidemiology, etiology, le thibelo ea multiple sclerosis: Khopolo-taba le 'nete. American Journal of Forensic Medicine le Pathology. 1983 Mar 1; 4 (1): 55-62.
  4. Ingalls T. Lisosa tsa multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 1986 Phupu 19; 328 (8499): 160.
  5. Ahlrot-Westerlund B. Multiple Sclerosis le mercury ka mokelikeli oa cerebrospinal. Ka Symposium ea Bobeli ea Nordic mabapi le Litlhahiso le Bophelo ba Batho, Odense, Denmark 1987 Phato.
  6. Siblerud RL, Kienholz E. Bopaki ba hore mercury e tsoang ho meno a tlatsitseng ka silevera e kanna ea ba sesosa sa etilological ho multiple sclerosis. Saense ea Tikoloho Kakaretso. 1994 Mar 15; 142 (3): 191-205.
  7. Siblerud RL, Kienholz E. Bopaki ba hore mercury e tsoang ho meno a tlatsitseng ka silevera e kanna ea ba sesosa sa etilological ho multiple sclerosis. Saense ea Tikoloho Kakaretso. 1994 Mar 15; 142 (3): 191-205.
  8. Stejskal J, Stejskal VD. Karolo ea tšepe ho itšireletsa le khokahano ea neuroendocrinology. Mangolo a Neuroendocrinology. 1999;20(6):351-66.
  9. Stejskal VD, Danersund A, Lindvall A, Hudecek R, Nordman V, Yaqob A, Mayer W, Bieger W, Lindh U. Li-lymphocyte tse ikhethileng tsa tšepe: li-biomarkers tsa kutloisiso ho motho. Mangolo a Neuroendocrinology. 1999; 20: 289-98.
  10. Bates MN, Fawcett J, Garrett N, Cutress T, Kjellstrom T. Litlamorao tsa bophelo bo botle ba ho pepeseha ha li-amalgam tsa meno: boithuto ba sehlopha se khutlang. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2004 Phato 1; 33 (4): 894-902.
  11. Bangsi D, Ghadirian P, Ducic S, Morisset R, Ciccocioppo S, McMullen E, Krewski D. Dental amalgam le multiple sclerosis: thuto ea taolo ea linyeoe Montreal, Canada. International Journal of Epidemiology. 1998 Phato 1; 27 (4): 667-71.
  12. Casetta I, Invernizzi M, Granieri E. Multiple sclerosis le amalgam ea meno: boithuto ba taolo ea linyeoe Ferrara, Italy. Neuroepidemiology. 2001 Mots'eanong 9; 20 (2): 134-7.
  13. McGrother CW, Dugmore C, Phillips MJ, Raymond NT, Garrick P, Baird WO. Multiple sclerosis, ho senyeha ha meno le ho tlatsa: thuto ea taolo ea linyeoe. Koranta ea meno ea Brithani. 1999 Loetse 11; 187 (5): 261-4.
  14. E boletsoe e le Bangsi D, Ghadirian P, Ducic S, Morisset R, Ciccocioppo S, McMullen E, Krewski D. Dental amalgam le multiple sclerosis: thuto ea taolo ea linyeoe Montreal, Canada. International Journal of Epidemiology. 1998 Phato 1; 27 (4): 667-71.

Ho Bates MN, Fawcett J, Garrett N, Cutress T, Kjellstrom T. Litlamorao tsa bophelo bo botle ba ho pepeseha ha li-amalgam tsa meno: boithuto ba sehlopha se khutlang. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2004 Phato 1; 33 (4): 894-902.

  1. Aminzadeh KK, Etminan M. Dental amalgam le multiple sclerosis: Tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng le tlhahlobo ea meta. Journal ea Bongaka ba Meriana ea Bophelo bo Botle. 2007 Pherekhong 1; 67 (1): 64-6.
  2. Attar AM, Kharkhaneh A, Etemadifar M, Keyhanian K, Davoudi V, Saadatnia M.Serum mercury level le multiple sclerosis. Patlisiso ea Element Trace Element. 2012 Mots'eanong 1; 146 (2): 150-3.
  3. Pamphlett R.Uptake ea chefo ea tikoloho ke locus ceruleus: sesosa se ka bakang mathata a neurodegenerative, demyelinating le psychiatric. Menahano ea bongaka. 2014 Pherekhong 31; 82 (1): 97-104.
  4. Pamphlett R.Uptake ea chefo ea tikoloho ke locus ceruleus: sesosa se ka bakang mathata a neurodegenerative, demyelinating le psychiatric. Menahano ea bongaka. 2014 Pherekhong 31; 82 (1): 97-104.
  5. Pamphlete R, Mojuda SK. Khetho e amanang le lilemo tsa tšepe tse boima ho li-Spinal Interneurons tsa batho. PloS One. 2016 Sep 9; 11 (9): e0162260.
  6. Pamphlete R, Mojuda SK. Khetho e amanang le lilemo tsa tšepe tse boima ho li-Spinal Interneurons tsa batho. PloS One. 2016 Sep 9; 11 (9): e0162260.
  7. MD ea Napier, Poole C, Satten GA, Ashley-Koch A, Marrie RA, Williamson DM. Lisebelisoa tse boima, lisebelisoa tsa manyolo le multiple sclerosis: Ho hlahloba ho sebelisana ha liphatsa tsa lefutso le tikoloho. Li-Archives tsa Bophelo bo Botle ba Tikoloho le Mosebetsing. 2016 Pherekhong 2; 71 (1): 26-34.
  8. Redhe O, Pleva J. Pholoso ho tsoa ho amyotrophic lateral sclerosis le ho tsoa litsing tse ling kamora ho tlosoa ha meno a motsoako oa meno. Journal ea Machabeng ea Likotsi le Ts'ireletseho ho Meriana. 1993 Dec;4(3):229-36.
  9. Huggins HA, Tefiso ea TE. Cerebrospinal fluid fluid e fetoha ho multiple sclerosis kamora ho tlosoa ha amalgam ea meno. Tlhahlobo e 'ngoe ea Bongaka. 1998 Phato; 3: 295-300.
  10. Prochazkova J, Sterzl I, Kucerova H, Bartova J, Stejskal VD. Phello e ntle ea phetoho ea amalgam ho bophelo bo botle ho bakuli ba nang le boits'ireletso. Mangolo a Neuroendocrinology. 2004 Jun 1; 25 (3): 211-8.
  11. Zanella SG, ea Sarsina PR. Ho iketsetsa litlhare tse ngata tsa sclerosis: ho sebelisa mokhoa oa chelation therapy Lekola: The Journal of Science and Healing. 2013 Phato 31; 9 (4): 244-8.
  12. Zanella SG, ea Sarsina PR. Ho iketsetsa litlhare tse ngata tsa sclerosis: ho sebelisa mokhoa oa chelation therapy Lekola: The Journal of Science and Healing. 2013 Phato 31; 9 (4): 244-8.
  13. Tsai CP, Lee CT. Liketsahalo tse ngata tsa sclerosis tse amanang le lead ea mobu le arsenic Taiwan. PloS One. 2013 Jun 17; 8 (6): e65911.

IAOMT e na le lisebelisoa tse ling tse ngata tse amanang le sehlooho sena:

Bangoli ba Sengoloa sa Meno ea Meno

( Morupeli, Moetsi oa lifilimi, Philanthropist )

Dr. David Kennedy o ile a sebelisa bongaka ba meno ka lilemo tse fetang 30 'me a tlohela mosebetsi oa bongaka ka 2000. Ke Mopresidente oa Nakong e Fetileng oa IAOMT mme o kile a ruta lingaka tsa meno le litsebi tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle lefats'eng lohle ka litaba tsa bophelo bo botle ba meno, chefo ea mercury, le fluoride. Dr. Kennedy o tsejoa lefatšeng ka bophara e le 'muelli oa metsi a nooang a sireletsehileng, ngaka ea meno ea likokoana-hloko' me ke moetapele ea tsebahalang lefapheng la thibelo ea meno. Dr. Kennedy ke sengoli se hloahloa le motsamaisi oa filimi e hapileng likhau ea Fluoridegate.

Dr. Griffin Cole, MIAOMT o ile a fumana Mastership ea hae ho International Academy of Oral Medicine le Toxicology ka 2013 'me a ngola Bukana ea Academy's Fluoridation le Tlhahlobo ea Scientific ea molao mabapi le tšebeliso ea Ozone ka phekolo ea metso ea metso. Ke Mopresidente oa nakong e fetileng oa IAOMT mme o sebeletsa Boto ea Batsamaisi, Komiti ea Mentor, Komiti ea Fluoride, Komiti ea Likopano ebile ke Mookameli oa Thuto ea Mantlha.

Tlanya mona bakeng sa mofuta oa pdf oa tokomane ena e nang le litšupiso tsa mahlale
Mokuli ea kulang liphateng le ngaka ba bua ka liphetoho le litla-morao ka lebaka la chefo ea mercury
Ho Tlatsa ha Mercury: Litla-morao tsa Amalgam le Litlamorao

Liphetoho ho litla-morao tsa litlamorao tsa mahlaseli a meno li kopanya likarolo tse 'maloa tsa likotsi.

Ho Tlatsa ha Mercury: Litla-morao tsa Amalgam le Litlamorao
Matšoao a chefo ea Mercury le Tlatsetso ea meno ea meno

Dental amalgam mercury fillings e tsoela pele ho ntša mouoane 'me e ka hlahisa matšoao a chefo ea mercury.

Matšoao a chefo ea Mercury le Tlatsetso ea meno ea meno
Tlhatlhobo e felletseng ea litlamorao tsa Mercury ho Tlatseng ha meno a meno

Tlhahlobo ena e qaqileng ea maqephe a 26 e tsoang ho IAOMT e kenyelletsa lipatlisiso mabapi le likotsi ho bophelo bo botle ba motho le tikoloho ho tsoa ho mercury ho keneng ka meno ea meno.

Tlhahlobo e Akaretsang ea IAOMT mabapi le Amalgam ea meno

Arolelana sengoloa sena mecheng ea litaba tsa sechaba