Ho Tlatsa ha Mercury: Litla-morao tsa Amalgam le Litlamorao

Mokuli ea kulang liphateng le ngaka ba bua ka liphetoho le litla-morao ka lebaka la chefo ea mercury

Litla-morao tsa li-amalgam le litlamorao ka lebaka la mercury ho li tlatsitseng li fapana ka mamello ka lebaka la mabaka a ikhethileng a kotsi.

Haeba motho e mong le e mong a ka ba le karabelo e tšoanang le litla-morao tsa lintho tse chefo tikolohong, ho ka hlaka ho bohle, hammoho le lingaka tsa bona, hore ho pepesehela ntho e itseng e chefo ho fella ka sephetho se hlakileng- lefu le tšoanang hantle. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore batho ka bomong ba arabela ho chefo ea tikoloho joalo ka meno a meno a tsoang ka tsela e ikhethileng ho 'mele ea bona.

Moriana oa meno oa meno: Ke eng?

Lingaka tsa meno tse limilione ho pota lefatše li tloaetse ho sebelisa motsoako oa meno e le ho tlatsa meno a bolileng. Hangata ho thoeng ke "ho tlatsa silevera," mahlahana ohle a meno a hlile a na le 45-55% metallic mercury. Mercury ke neurotoxin e tsebahalang e ka bakang batho kotsi, haholo-holo bana, bakhachane le masea. A Tlaleho ea 2005 ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) e lemositse ka mercury: “E ka baka litlamorao tse kotsi ho methapo, tšilo ea lijo, ho hema, sesole sa 'mele le liphio, ntle le ho senya matšoafo. Litholoana tse mpe tsa bophelo bo botle ba ho pepesehela mercury e ka ba: ho thothomela, ho se bone hantle le ho utloa, ho shoa litho, ho hlobaela, ho se tsitse maikutlong, khaello ea kholo nakong ea kholo ea lesea, le khaello ea tlhokomelo le tieho ea kholo nakong ea bongoana. Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li bontša hore mercury e kanna ea se be monyako o ka tlase ho ona o ka bang le litlamorao tse mpe. ”[1]

Ho na le boiteko ba lefats'e bo etelletsoeng pele ke Lenaneo la Machaba a Kopaneng la Tikoloho ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea mercury, ho kenyelletsa le ea meno a meno,[2] mme linaha tse ling li se li thibetse ts'ebeliso ea eona.[3]  Leha ho le joalo, li-amalg li ntse li sebelisoa bakeng sa 45% ea lipusetso tsohle tse otlolohileng tsa meno lefats'eng ka bophara,[4] ho kenyelletsa le United States. Ebile, ho hakanngoa hore hajoale ho na le lithane tsa mercury tse fetang melomo ea Ma-Amerika hajoale, e fetang halofo ea mercury e sebelisoang US kajeno.[5]

Litlaleho le lipatlisiso lia lumellana hore litlatsetso tsena tse nang le mercury li ntša mouoane oa mercury,[6] [7] [8] 'me le ha ho khutlisetsoa hona hangata ho thoe ke "ho tlatsa silevera," "ho kopanya meno," le / kapa "ho kopanya li-amalgam," [9] sechaba hangata ha se tsebe hore amalgam e bua ka motsoako oa lirafshoa tse ling le mercury.[10]

Litlamorao le litlamorao tse amanang le Mercury ho tlatsa

Ho hlahloba ka nepo "litlamorao tse mpe tsa bophelo bo botle" tse amanang le ho tlatsoa ha meno a methapo ea meno ho sitisoa ke lenane le rarahaneng la likarabo tse ka bang teng ho mofuta oa ntho eo, e kenyeletsang matšoao a fetang 250 a ikhethang.[11]  Tafole e ka tlase ke lethathamo le khutšoane la a mang a matšoao a atisang ho amahanngoa le ho hema mouoane oa elemental mercury (e leng mofuta o tšoanang oa mercury o tsoelang pele ho tsoa ho meno a li-amalgam).

Matšoao a atisang ho amahanngoa le ho hula moea oa elemental mercury vapors
Acrodynia kapa matšoao a ts'oanang a joalo ka ho se tsitse ha maikutlo, ho hloka takatso ea lijo, bofokoli bo akaretsang le liphetoho tsa letlalo[12]
Anorexia[13]
Mathata a pelo/ pulse ea labile [liphetoho tse etsahalang khafetsa ha lebelo la pelo] / tachycardia [ho otla ha pelo ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang] [14]
Tsebo ya kelello / methapo ya kutlo / ho holofala/ tahlehelo ea mohopolo / phokotso ea ts'ebetso ea kelello / mathata ka ho sebetsana le mantsoe le pono[15] [16] [17] [18] [19]
Ho khelosa / delirium / hallucination[20] [21]
Maemo a letlalo/ dermographism [boemo ba letlalo bo khetholloang ka mabala a khubelu] / dermatitis[22] [23]
Ho senyeha ha endocrine/ kholiso ea qoqotho[24] [25]
Erethism [matshwao a kang ho teneha kapele, dikarabo tse sa tlwaelehang ho kgothatsong, le ho se tsitse ha maikutlo] [26] [27] [28] [29]
Mokhathala[30] [31]
Moriri oa hlooho[32]
Tahlehelo ea kutlo[33]
Mathata a sesole sa 'mele[34] [35]
lefu la ho hlobaela[36]
Liphetoho tsa methapo ea kutlo/ peripheral neuropathy / fokotseha tšebelisano-'moho / fokotseha motor function / polyneuropathy / liphetoho tsa neuromuscular tse kang bofokoli, ho fokola ha mesifa le ho tsitsinyeha[37] [38] [39] [40] [41]
Liponahatso tsa molomo/ gingivitis / tatso ea tšepe / liso tsa molomo tsa lichenoid /[42][43][44][45] [46] [47]
Litaba tsa kelello/ liphetoho tsa maikutlo tse amanang le khalefo, ho tepella maikutlo, ho hlonama, ho teneha habonolo, ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo le ho tšoha[48] [49] [50] [51]
Mathata a renal [liphio]/ proteinuria / nephrotic lefu[52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57]
Mathata a boits'oaro/ bronchial irritation / bronchitis / khohlela / dyspnea [mathata a ho hema] / pneumonitis / ho hloleha ho hema[58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64]
Lihlong [lihlong tse feteletseng] / ho ikhula sechabeng[65] [66]
Litlhoko/ thothomelo ya mercurial / thothomelo ya maikemisetso[67] [68] [69] [70] [71]
boima ba 'mele[72]

Ha se bakuli bohle ba tla ba le matšoao a tšoanang kapa ho kopana ha matšoao. Ho feta moo, ntle le matšoao a kaholimo, lipatlisiso tse ngata li bontšitse likotsi bakeng sa maemo a mang a bophelo bo amanang le amalgam ea meno. Ebile, bo-rasaense ba amahantse mercury e tlatsellelong ea amalgam le lefu la Alzheimer's,[73] [74] [75] amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (lefu la Lou Gehrig),[76] ho hanyetsa lithibela-mafu,[77] [78][79][80] ho tšoenyeha,[81] Mathata a autism,[82] [83] [84] mathata a autoimmune / immunodeficiency,[85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] mathata a pelo,[95] [96] [97] mokhathala o sa foleng,[98] [99] [100] [101] khatello ea maikutlo,[102] nyopa,[103] [104] lefu la liphio,[105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112] lefu la sclerosis,[113] [114] [115] [116] Lefu la Parkinson,[117] [118] [119] le mathata a mang a bophelo.[120]

Litla-morao tsa meno a Amalgam le Likhato tsa Liketso # 1: Sebopeho sa Mercury

Mefuta e fapaneng ea likarolo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho lekola letšoao la matšoao a amanang le lintho tse chefo tikolohong: mercury e ka ba teng ka mefuta le metsoako e fapaneng, 'me mefuta ena e fapaneng le metsoako e ka hlahisa litla-morao tse fapaneng ho batho tse ba pepesitseng. Mofuta oa mercury o sebelisitsoeng ho amalgam fillings ke elemental (metallic) mercury, e leng mofuta o tšoanang oa mercury o sebelisoang mefuteng e meng ea li-thermometer (tse ngata tsa tsona li thibetsoe). Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mercury e litlhaping ke methylmercury, 'me mercury e enteng e sireletsang thimerosal ea ente ke ethylmercury. Matšoao ohle a hlalositsoeng karolong e fetileng a totobetse ho mouoane oa mercury, e leng mofuta oa phepelo ea mercury e amanang le ho tlatsoa ha meno a meno.

Litlamorao le litlamorao tsa meno Amalgam Ntlha # 2: Kameho ea Mercury Likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'Mele

Lebaka le leng la matšoao a pharalletseng ke hore mercury e nkiloeng 'meleng e ka bokellana hoo e batlang e le setho sefe kapa sefe. Mabapi le ho tlatsoa ha motsoako oa meno, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o itse: "Motsoako oa meno ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa ho pepesehela mercury ea mantlha, ka likhakanyo tsa ho noa letsatsi le letsatsi ho tloha ho li-amalgam tse tsoang ho 1 ho isa ho 27 μg / ka letsatsi."[121]  Phuputso e bonts'itse hore sena se fella ka Maamerika a limilione tse 67 a lilemo tse peli ho ea holimo ho feta phepelo ea mercury e nkoang e "bolokehile" ke US EPA ka lebaka la boteng ba meno a meno a mercury [kapa batho ba fetang limilione tse 122 ba MaAmerika ba fetang palo ea mouoane oa mercury. e nkoang e "bolokehile" ke California EPA ka lebaka la ho tlatsoa ha meno ea mercury amalgam].[122]

Ho hakanngoa hore 80% ea mouoane oa mercury o tsoang ho amalgam fillings o kenngoa ke matšoafo ebe o fetela 'meleng oohle,[123] haholo-holo boko, liphio, sebete, matšoafo le masapo a mala.[124]  Bophelo ba halofo ea methapo ea tšepe bo fapana ho latela setho seo mercury e kentsoeng ho sona le boemo ba oxidation.[125]   Mohlala, halofo ea bophelo ba mercury libakeng tsohle tsa 'mele le liphio e hakantsoe matsatsing a 58,[126] athe mercury e kentsoeng bokong e ka ba le halofo ea bophelo ho fihlela lilemo tse mashome a 'maloa.[127]

Ho feta moo, mouoane oa mercury o kentsoeng 'meleng o tlamahanya le lihlopha tsa protheine ea sulfhydryl le li-amino acid tse nang le sebabole' meleng oohle.[128]   Metsi a mercury, a qhibilihang ka lipid, a ka tšela mokoallo oa mali le boko habonolo mme a fetoloa mercury e sa tloaelehang liseleng ka oxidase ea catalase.[129]  Motsoako ona o sa tloaelehang o qetella o tlameletsoe ho lihlopha tsa glutathione le protheine ea cysteine.[130] Tlanya mona ho ithuta haholoanyane ka matšoao le litlamorao tsa chefo ea mercury vapor.

Litla-morao tsa meno a Amalgam le Likhato tsa Ts'ebetso # 3: Litlamorao tsa Mercury

Liphello tsa ho pepeseha ha chefo li bolotsana le ho feta hobane ho ka nka lilemo tse ngata hore matšoao a bonahale, le likotsi tse fetileng, haholoholo haeba li le maemong a tlase ebile li sa foleng (joalo ka hangata ho tsoa ho mercury amalgam). ka ho lieha ho qala hoa matšoao. Khopolo ea karabelo e liehang kamora ho pepeseha ha lik'hemik'hale e tšehelitsoe ke Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ireletso ea Bophelo bo Botle Mosebetsing (OSHA) mabapi le ho pepeseha ha lik'hemik'hale le bokuli bo latelang: "Sena ke nnete haholoholo bakeng sa litlamorao tsa nako e telele tsa bophelo bo botle tse hlahang ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, kapa kamora ho pepeseha hangata [ka lik'hemik'hale]. Maloetse a mangata a sa foleng a tšoauoa ka nako e telele ea nako e telele ea lilemo tse 20-30 kapa ho feta. ”[131]

Litla-morao tsa meno a Amalgam le Liketso tsa Ts'ebetso # 4: Matšoafo ho Mercury

Phuputso ea 1993 e tlalehile hore 3.9% ea lithuto tse phetseng hantle li lekile liteko tsa ts'isinyo ea tšepe ka kakaretso.[132]  Haeba palo ena e sebelisoa ho baahi ba hona joale ba Amerika, sena se ka bolela hore ho hanana le tšepe ea meno ho ka ama Maamerika a ka bang limilione tse 12.5. Hape hoa utloahala ke hore, ka 1972, North American Contact Dermatitis Group e ile ea etsa qeto ea hore 5-8% ea baahi ba Amerika ba bonts'itse pheko ea mercury ka ho etsa liteko tsa letlalo,[133] e leng chelete e ka bang limilione tse 21 tsa Maamerika kajeno. Leha ho le joalo, lipalo tsena li ka ba tsa phahama le ho feta hobane lithuto tsa morao-rao le litlaleho li lumela hore ho hanana le tšepe ho ntse ho eketseha.[134] [135]

Kaha bakuli ba bangata ha ba hlahlojoe mamello ea mercury pele meno a kopana le meno, sena se bolela hore batho ba limilione ba MaAmerika ha ba tsebe letho ho tlatsana le melomo ea bona. Sehlooho sa 2011 sa Hosoki le Nishigawa se hlalositse hore na hobaneng lingaka tsa meno li lokela ho rutoa ka phello ena e ka bang teng: "Litaba tsa hajoale li bontša hore lingaka tsa meno tse ntseng li ikoetlisa li hloka ho fumana tsebo e eketsehileng e khethehileng mabapi le pheko ea tšepe ea meno e le ho netefatsa kalafo e nepahetseng ea bakuli litleliniking tsa bona."[136]

Ionization ea tšepe e bonahala e bapala karolo e kholo mefuteng ena ea ho kula. Le ha tšepe "e tsitsitseng" ka kakaretso e nkuoa e sa sebetse, haeba ionization ea tšepe e etsahala, sena se ka baka karabelo ea alejiki. Molomong oa molomo, ionization e ka bakoa ke liphetoho tsa pH tse qalileng ka mathe le lijo.[137]  Maemo a elektrolytic le ona a ka baka ts'enyeho ea tšepe ea meno mme a hlahisa maqhubu a motlakase ketsahalong e tsejoang ka hore ke galvanism ea molomo.[138]  Ha ho makatse hore ebe galvanism ea molomo e thehiloe e le sesosa sa ho hlohlelletsa tšepe ea meno.[139]  Le ha motswako oa mercury le khauta li tsejoa e le sesosa se tloaelehileng sa ts'enyeho ea meno, menoana e meng e sebelisitsoeng ho khutlisetseng meno e ka hlahisa sena.[140] [141] [142]

Palo ea maemo a bophelo e 'nile ea amahanngoa le ho kula ha tšepe ea meno. Tsena li kenyelletsa ho itšireletsa mafung,[143] [144] mokhathala o sa foleng,[145] [146] [147] lefu la fibromyalgia,[148] [149] tšepe ea tšepe,[150] ho hlohlelletsa lik'hemik'hale tse ngata,[151] [152] lefu la sclerosis,[153] myalgic encephalitis,[154] liso tsa molomo tsa lichenoid,[155] [156] [157] [158] [159] granulomatosis ea orofacial,[160] esita le thari.[161]

Litla-morao tsa meno a Amalgam le Likhato tsa Liketso # 5: Boikemisetso ba lefutso

Likotsi tsa lefutso khoeleng ea DNA

Liphatsa tsa lefutso ke ntlha ea bohlokoa e lokelang ho nahanoa ha ho hlahlojoa kotsi ea ho itšoara ka meno ho kenang ka mercury.

Taba ea ho ipehela liphatsa tsa lefutso liphellong tse ikhethang, tse mpe tse hlahisoang ke ho pepesehela ha mercury le eona e se e hlahlobiloe lithutong tse 'maloa. Mohlala, bafuputsi ba amahantse litlamorao tsa ho itšireletsa mafung ka lebaka la ho pepeseha ha mercury le mofuta o itseng oa liphatsa tsa lefutso. Bafuputsi ba phuputso e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2006 ba hokahantse polymorphism, CPOX4 (bakeng sa coproporphyrinogen oxidase, exon 4), ho fokotsa lebelo la visuomotor le matšoao a khatello ea maikutlo ho litsebi tsa meno.[162]  Ntle le moo, phapang ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ea CPOX4 e fumanoe e le sesosa sa litaba tsa boits'oaro thutong ea bana ba nang le mahlahahlaha a meno. Bafuputsi ba hlokometse, "… har'a bashemane, ho bile le litlamorao tse ngata tsa tšebelisano lipakeng tsa CPOX4 le Hg [mercury] tse fumanehang libakeng tsohle tse 5 tsa ts'ebetso ea methapo ea kutlo…. baneng. ”[163]

Bokhoni ba mefuta e ikhethileng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e ama hampe tsela eo 'mele o itšoarang ka eona ha ho pepesetsoa meno ea mercury e bile e fihletse tlhokomelo mecheng ea litaba e tloaelehileng. A Sengoloa sa 2016 ke Greg Gordon oa McClatchy News e kenyelelitse lipuisano le bafuputsi ba bang ba lithuto tse boletsoeng kaholimo. Ka ho ikhethang, Dr. James Woods o itse: “'Batho ba etsang liphesente tse mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano ho isa ho 50 lekholong ba na le (liphatsa tsa lefutso).'”[164]  Sehloohong sona seo, Dr. Diana Echeverria o buile ka "kotsi ea bophelo bohle" ea tšenyo ea methapo e amanang le baahi, mme a hlalosa: "'Ha re bue ka kotsi e nyane.'”[165]

Karolo e 'ngoe ea ts'oaetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso mabapi le kotsi ea meno ea mercury e hlokang tlhokomelo ke APOE4 (Apo-lipoprotein E4) phapang ea liphatsa tsa lefutso. Phuputso ea 2006 e fumane khokahano lipakeng tsa batho ba nang le APOE4 le chefo e sa foleng ea mercury.[166]  Phuputso e ts'oanang e fumane hore ho tlosoa hoa meno ho kopanya meno ho felletse ka "phokotso e kholo ea matšoao", 'me le leng la matšoao a thathamisitsoeng ke ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo. Letšoao la ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo le khahla haholo, kaha APOE4 e boetse e amahanngoa le kotsi e kholo ea lefu la Alzheimer's.[167] [168] [169]

Habohlokoa, bangoli ba phuputso e fumaneng khokahano lipakeng tsa palo ea litlatsetso tsa mercury le litlamorao tsa neurotoxic bakeng sa ba nang le mofuta oa APOE genotype ba hlalositse: lefu], ha le pepesetsoa nako e telele ea mercury… Hona joale monyetla o ka ba teng bakeng sa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ho thusa ho khetholla ba kotsing e kholo mme mohlomong ho thibela ho senyeha ha methapo e latelang. ”[170]

Ntle le CPOX4 le APOE, litšoaneleho tsa lefutso tse hlahlobiloeng kamora ho kopana le mathata a bophelo bo bakoang ke ho pepeseha ha mercury li kenyelletsa BDNF (neurotropic factor).[171] [172] [173] metallothionein (MT) li-polymorphism, [174] [175] mefuta e fapaneng ea catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT),[176] le liphetoho tsa MTHFR le mefuta e fapaneng ea PON1.[177]  Bangoli ba e 'ngoe ea liphuputso tsena ba phethile ka ho re: "Ho ka etsahala hore ebe mercury ea tlhaho e ka latela nalane ea loto, qetellong ea nkuoa e le neurotoxin maemong a tlase haholo."[178]

 Litlamorao le litlamorao tsa meno Amalgam Ntlha ea # 6: Lintlha tse ling

Esita le ka ho lemoha hore ho kula le ho hlaseloa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso ka bobeli ho ka phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho itšoareng ka ho kopanya meno, ho na le mabaka a mang a fapaneng a amanang le likotsi tsa bophelo tsa mercury.[179]  Ntle le boima le lilemo tsa motho ka mong, palo ea li-amalgam tse tlatsoang ka hanong,[180] [181] [182] [183] [184] [185] [186] [187] [188] [189] [190] [191] [192] bong, [193] [194] [195] [196] [197] letlapa la meno,[198]  maemo a selenium,[199] ho pepesehela lead (Pb),[200] [201] [202] [203] tshebediso ya lebese[204] [l05] kapa joala,[206] methylmercury maemo a tsoang ts'ebelisong ea litlhapi,[207] monyetla oa mercury ho tsoa ho li-amalgam fillings ho fetoloa methylmercury ka har'a 'mele oa motho,[208] [209] [210] [211] [212] [213] le maemo a mang[214] [215] e ka bapala karolo karabong e ikhethang ea motho ka mong ho mercury. Mohlala, litafole tse ka tlase li supa mefuta e fapaneng e fetang 30 e ka susumetsang karabelo ho mercury ea meno.[216]

Qetello ka litlamorao tsa Mercury / Litlamorao tsa litlamorao tsa meno le meno

Lintho tse amanang le mercury vapor release li tsoa meno a mercury amalgam fillings
Lilemo tsa meno a mercury a tlatsang amalgam
Ho hloekisa, ho bentsa le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa meno
Likateng tsa lisebelisoa tse ling tse tsoakaneng le mercury, joalo ka thini, koporo, silevera, jj.
Letlapa la meno
Ho senyeha ha meno ea mercury ea amalgam
Litloaelo tse kang ho hlatsoa, ​​bruxism, ho hlafuna (ho kenyeletsoa ho hlafuna marenene, haholo-holo nicum), tšebeliso ea maro a chesang, lijo (haholo lijo tse nang le asiti), ho tsuba, jj.
Ts'oaetso molomong
Palo ea meno a meno a kenang ka bongata
Lisebelisoa tse ling tse molomong, tse kang ho tlatsa khauta kapa li-implants tsa titanium
Mekero ea metso le mosebetsi o mong oa meno
Likahare tsa mathe
Boholo ba meno ea mercury ea amalgam e tlatsang
Sebaka se kaholimo sa meno ea mercury ea meno
Mekhoa ea ts'ebetso le polokeho e sebelisoa ha ho tlatsoa meno ea mercury amalgam ho tlatsa
Mekhoa e sebelisitsoeng ha ho beoa meno ho tlatsoa ha meno
Litšobotsi le maemo a amanang le karabelo ea ho pepeseha ha mercury
Ts'ebeliso ea joala
Ts'oaetso kapa hypersensitivity ho mercury
Libaktheria, ho kenyelletsa le manganga a mercury le lithibela-mafu
Meroalo ea litho le lisele tse kang liphio, tšoelesa ea pituitary, sebete le boko
seratsoana
Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (lengolo la ngaka, boithabiso le temallo)
ho ikoetlisa
Ho hlahisa mefuta e meng ea mercury (ke hore ts'ebeliso ea litlhapi), lead, tšilafalo le lintho tse chefo (hajoale kapa pejana)
Ho pepeseha ha lesea kapa lebese ho mercury, lead le ntho efe kapa efe e chefo
bong
Litšobotsi tsa lefutso le mefuta e fapaneng
ditshwaetso
Likokoana-hloko tse ka mpeng
Ts'ebeliso ea lebese
Maemo a phepo, haholo-holo koporo, zinki le selenium
Ho pepeseha mosebetsing ho lintho tse chefo
Bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso
Likokoana-hloko le heleminths
Khatello ea maikutlo / khatello ea maikutlo
Lehlo

Ho feta moo, mohopolo oa lik'hemik'hale tse ngata tse sebelisanang 'meleng oa motho ho hlahisa bophelo bo botle joale e lokela ho ba kutloisiso ea bohlokoa e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho sebelisa meriana ea sejoale-joale. Bafuputsi Jack Schubert, E. Joan Riley le Sylvanus A. Tyler ba buile ka karolo ena ea bohlokoa haholo ea lintho tse chefo sengoloeng sa mahlale se phatlalalitsoeng ka 1978. Ha ba nahana ka ho ata ha likotsi tsa lik'hemik'hale, ba ile ba re: “Kahoo, ho hlokahala hore re tsebe se ka etsahalang litlamorao tse mpe tsa mahlahana a mabeli kapa ho feta e le ho lekola likotsi tse ka bang teng mosebetsing le tikolohong le ho beha maemo a lumelloang. ”[217]

Sena se bohlokoa ka ho khetheha ho nahanoa hore batho ka bomong ba ka pepesetsoa lintho tse fapaneng ka malapa a bona, mosebetsi oa bona le mesebetsi e meng. Ho feta moo, likotsi tse fumanoeng ha e le lesea le sa tsoa hlaha li boetse li tsejoa ka bokhoni ba tsona ba ho kenya letsoho likotsing tsa bophelo bo botle hamorao bophelong.

Ho hlakile hore tsela e nepahetseng eo 'mele oa motho o arabelang chefo e tikolohong e ipapisitse le maemo le maemo a fapaneng. Lintlha tse hlalositsoeng sengolong sena ke karoloana feela ea likaroloana tse ngata tsa papali ea litlamorao tse mpe tsa bophelo bo botle tse amanang le likotsi tse chefo. The saense ka morao ho mercury ea meno e bontša hore e le hore re utloisise ka botlalo bokuli ba tikoloho, re hloka ho amohela hore joalo ka ha ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e chefo e ikhethile, ho joalo le ka motho e mong le e mong ea anngoeng ke ts'oaetso e joalo e chefo. Ha re ntse re amohela 'nete ena, re boetse re ithaopa ka monyetla oa ho theha bokamoso moo bongaka ba meno le meriana li kopantsoe haholoanyane ka kananelo e bulehileng ea hore mokuli e mong le e mong o arabela thepa le kalafo ka tsela e fapaneng. Re boetse re ithaopa ka monyetla oa ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tse sireletsehileng tse fokotsang moroalo o chefo ka kakaretso 'meleng ea rona le ho betla tsela ea bophelo bo ntlafalitsoeng.

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Bangoli ba Sengoloa sa Meno ea Meno

( Morupeli, Moetsi oa lifilimi, Philanthropist )

Dr. David Kennedy o ile a sebelisa bongaka ba meno ka lilemo tse fetang 30 'me a tlohela mosebetsi oa bongaka ka 2000. Ke Mopresidente oa Nakong e Fetileng oa IAOMT mme o kile a ruta lingaka tsa meno le litsebi tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle lefats'eng lohle ka litaba tsa bophelo bo botle ba meno, chefo ea mercury, le fluoride. Dr. Kennedy o tsejoa lefatšeng ka bophara e le 'muelli oa metsi a nooang a sireletsehileng, ngaka ea meno ea likokoana-hloko' me ke moetapele ea tsebahalang lefapheng la thibelo ea meno. Dr. Kennedy ke sengoli se hloahloa le motsamaisi oa filimi e hapileng likhau ea Fluoridegate.

Dr. Griffin Cole, MIAOMT o ile a fumana Mastership ea hae ho International Academy of Oral Medicine le Toxicology ka 2013 'me a ngola Bukana ea Academy's Fluoridation le Tlhahlobo ea Scientific ea molao mabapi le tšebeliso ea Ozone ka phekolo ea metso ea metso. Ke Mopresidente oa nakong e fetileng oa IAOMT mme o sebeletsa Boto ea Batsamaisi, Komiti ea Mentor, Komiti ea Fluoride, Komiti ea Likopano ebile ke Mookameli oa Thuto ea Mantlha.

Dental Amalgam Mercury le Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Kakaretso le Litlhaloso

Saense e hokahantse mercury e le kotsi e ka bang teng ho multiple sclerosis (MS), mme lipatlisiso ka taba ena li kenyelletsa ho kopanya meno le ho kopanya meno.

Ho utloisisa tlhahlobo ea kotsi bakeng sa meno a meno a meno

Taba ea tlhahlobo ea kotsi e bohlokoa moqoqong oa hore na amalgam e bolokehile bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e sa thibeloeng.

pampiri ea boemo ba iaomt amalgam
Pampiri ea Boemo ba IAOMT khahlano le Dental Mercury Amalgam

Tokomane ena e felletseng e kenyelletsa lingoliloeng tse pharaletseng tse mabapi le mercury ea meno ka mokhoa oa litlatsetso tse fetang 900.

Mental Mercury Amalgam Ho Tlatsa: Liphetoho le Litlamorao